MICHAEL D TOLAND

Statutory rape by an authority figure is illegal sexual penetration with a minor between ages 13-17 when the offender is at least 4 years older and is in a position of authority over the victim (such as a teacher, coach, parent, or supervisor) and uses that authority to accomplish the act. Conviction results in 8-30 years in prison and up to $25,000 in fines (Class B felony). A person convicted of this crime is not eligible for probation or judicial diversion.

Penalty: Class B felony; 8-30 years; fine up to $25,000

It is illegal to engage in a pattern of sexual abuse of a child—meaning committing three or more separate incidents of child sexual abuse involving the same child, at least one incident involving each of three or more different children, or five or more incidents involving two or more different children where the incidents share common characteristics or methods. This is a Class C felony punishable by 3-15 years in prison and a fine of up to $10,000, and can be enhanced to Class A or B felony depending on the specific circumstances.

Penalty: Class C felony; 3-15 years; fine up to $10,000

Engaging in sexual penetration with a close blood relative or family member (including parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, step-relations, or adoptive relations, or siblings) is incest. The penalty is 3-15 years in prison and/or up to $10,000 in fines. If the victim is a minor, the offense is elevated to a Class B felony with a mandatory minimum Range II sentence (8-30 years), though sentencing can go higher into Range III if appropriate.

Penalty: Class C felony; 3-15 years; fine up to $10,000

It is illegal to knowingly fail to appear in court when you've been summoned, arrested with a court-ordered release condition, cited instead of arrested, or issued a criminal summons. Failure to appear is a Class A misdemeanor punishable by up to 11 months 29 days in jail and a $2,500 fine. A defense exists if you had a reasonable excuse for missing the court date.

Penalty: Class A misdemeanor; 11 months 29 days; fine up to $2,500

Engaging in sexual penetration with a close blood relative or family member (including parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, step-relations, or adoptive relations, or siblings) is incest. The penalty is 3-15 years in prison and/or up to $10,000 in fines. If the victim is a minor, the offense is elevated to a Class B felony with a mandatory minimum Range II sentence (8-30 years), though sentencing can go higher into Range III if appropriate.

Penalty: Class C felony; 3-15 years; fine up to $10,000

Rape is non-consensual sexual penetration accomplished through force, coercion, fraud, or when the victim is mentally incapacitated, mentally defective, physically helpless, or a vulnerable adult with an intellectual disability. This offense occurs when someone engages in sexual penetration without the other person's consent or when consent is impossible due to the victim's condition. Conviction carries 8 to 30 years in prison and fines up to $25,000.

Penalty: Class B felony; 8-30 years; fine up to $25,000